Rock Catalog (Rock Cycle)
Twenty-six common rocks organised by the three top-level classes of the rock cycle — igneous (felsic→ultramafic, intrusive & extrusive), sedimentary (clastic / chemical / organic), and metamorphic (foliated grade series and non-foliated). Each row gives the rock's class, how it forms, and its primary constituent minerals. Every row is read live at build time from OnlyCSharp.Data.Catalogs.EarthScience.Geology.RockCatalog.All. Authored as .razor; rendered to static HTML.
Source: rock-cycle classification and petrology are uncopyrightable geology facts; PD authority USGS and Bowen (1922, public domain by age). Best (2003) and Pettijohn (1975) textbooks are human see-also references only, not the data claim. Each record carries a WikiSlug provenance anchor. See the leaf README.
| Rock | Class | Formation | Primary minerals |
|---|---|---|---|
| Granite | Igneous | slow crystallisation of felsic magma at depth | quartz + K-feldspar + plagioclase + biotite |
| Diorite | Igneous | slow crystallisation of intermediate magma at depth | plagioclase + hornblende ± biotite |
| Gabbro | Igneous | slow crystallisation of mafic magma at depth | plagioclase + pyroxene ± olivine |
| Peridotite | Igneous | ultramafic mantle-derived crystallisation | olivine + pyroxene |
| Rhyolite | Igneous | rapid cooling of felsic lava | quartz + alkali feldspar (aphanitic groundmass) |
| Andesite | Igneous | rapid cooling of intermediate lava | plagioclase + amphibole/pyroxene phenocrysts |
| Basalt | Igneous | rapid cooling of mafic lava (oceanic crust) | plagioclase + pyroxene ± olivine |
| Obsidian | Igneous | extremely rapid cooling of felsic lava (no crystallisation) | rhyolitic glass |
| Pumice | Igneous | explosive degassing during rapid felsic eruption | felsic glass froth |
| Conglomerate | Sedimentary | lithification of high-energy gravels | rounded gravel-sized clasts in finer matrix |
| Sandstone | Sedimentary | burial and cementation of beach/fluvial/aeolian sands | sand-sized quartz/feldspar grains + cement |
| Siltstone | Sedimentary | deposition in low-energy fluvial/lacustrine settings | silt-sized quartz + clay |
| Shale | Sedimentary | compaction of mud in still water (offshore, lake, lagoon) | clay minerals + silt (fissile) |
| Limestone | Sedimentary | marine biogenic/inorganic CaCO3 precipitation | calcite (CaCO3) |
| Rock Salt | Sedimentary | evaporation of saline water | halite (NaCl) |
| Gypsum Rock | Sedimentary | evaporation of marine basins | gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) |
| Coal | Sedimentary | burial and coalification of swamp peat | altered plant material (carbon-rich) |
| Fossiliferous Limestone | Sedimentary | accumulation of marine shelly fauna | calcite shells + matrix |
| Slate | Metamorphic | low-grade regional metamorphism of shale | very fine-grained mica + chlorite + quartz |
| Phyllite | Metamorphic | low-grade regional metamorphism above slate | fine mica + chlorite (silky sheen) |
| Schist | Metamorphic | medium-grade regional metamorphism | platy minerals: muscovite/biotite ± garnet |
| Gneiss | Metamorphic | high-grade regional metamorphism | banded quartz/feldspar + mafic minerals |
| Marble | Metamorphic | metamorphism of limestone | recrystallised calcite |
| Quartzite | Metamorphic | metamorphism of quartz sandstone | recrystallised quartz |
| Hornfels | Metamorphic | contact metamorphism adjacent to igneous intrusions | fine-grained equigranular mosaic |
| Anthracite | Metamorphic | metamorphism of bituminous coal | high-rank carbon |