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Biology

Cardiac Pressure–Volume Loop

counter-clockwise P–V trajectory of one heartbeat
Cardiac Pressure–Volume Loop

One cardiac cycle traced in pressure–volume space — filling, isovolumic contraction, ejection and relaxation — where the enclosed area equals the stroke work done by the left ventricle.

Computed & rendered in pure C# on the frozen OnlyCSharp 1.8 library — animation baked to GIF with the library's own Gif encoder (no GPU, no ffmpeg, no external packages).