Oceanography

Thermohaline Isopycnal (T–S)

σ_t = 0.8(S−35) − 0.05T − 0.006T² = const

Along a line of constant density in a T–S diagram water must grow warmer as it grows saltier to stay neutrally buoyant, and the isopycnal curves gently because seawater's thermal expansion strengthens with temperature.

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